BONENT CHT Practice Questions (2026) — Free Sample Questions with Answers

Answer: C

Sitting upright with the legs dangling to ease breathing: Incorrect. Upright positioning can let air travel to the brain and does not trap air in the heart.

Flat on the right side with the head raised on pillows: Incorrect. Right-side, head-up positioning does not keep air in the right heart away from the pulmonary outflow.

On the left side with the head lower than the feet: Correct. Left lateral, head-down (Trendelenburg) positioning helps trap air in the right atrium/ventricle so it is less likely to block pulmonary flow or reach the brain.

Prone on the stomach with the arms above the head: Incorrect. Prone positioning is not used for air embolism and makes monitoring and care difficult.

Air embolism: clamp lines, stop the pump, place the patient on the left side head-down, give 100% oxygen and call for help; never bypass or disarm the air detector.

Answer: B

2.4 L total; about 600 mL per hour: Incorrect. This removes only the weight gain and ignores the 500 mL of rinseback and oral intake that will be added during treatment.

2.9 L total; about 725 mL per hour: Correct. 82.4 − 80.0 = 2.4 kg; + 0.3 L rinseback + 0.2 L intake = 2.9 L; 2,900 mL ÷ 4 h = 725 mL/h.

1.9 L total; about 475 mL per hour: Incorrect. This subtracts the rinseback and intake instead of adding them, leaving the patient above dry weight.

3.4 L total; about 850 mL per hour: Incorrect. This counts the 500 mL of add-ons twice, risking hypotension and cramping.

UF goal = (pre-weight − dry weight) + fluids given during treatment (rinseback, saline, oral intake); hourly rate = goal ÷ treatment hours.

Answer: B

Override the bypass so the treatment can start on time: Incorrect. Bypass protects the patient from incorrect dialysate; overriding it risks serious electrolyte injury.

Check the acid and bicarbonate concentrates and connections: Correct. Wrong, mislabeled or poorly connected concentrates are a common cause; the technician must find the cause and verify conductivity and pH with an independent meter before treating.

Raise the conductivity alarm limit until the alarm clears: Incorrect. Widening limits hides a dangerous dialysate composition rather than fixing it.

Add extra RO water to the bicarbonate jug to dilute it: Incorrect. Altering concentrates at the jug is not an approved fix and can create a new composition error.

Never treat in bypass or with alarm overrides: identify the cause (concentrate type, connection, water supply), then confirm conductivity and pH independently before starting.

Answer: D

Start treatments, because the polisher tank will remove whatever is left over: Incorrect. Breakthrough of the worker tank means the system has lost its safety margin; the polisher is a backup, not the plan.

Increase the RO feed pressure so the RO membrane can remove the chloramines: Incorrect. RO membranes do not reliably remove chloramines, and some membranes are damaged by chlorine.

Retest the next morning and log the value if it is still below 0.5 mg/L: Incorrect. The limit is 0.1 mg/L total chlorine; waiting a day exposes patients to chloramine-induced hemolysis.

Report it at once, test after the polisher, and replace carbon per protocol: Correct. Total chlorine above 0.1 mg/L after the worker tank is breakthrough: notify the nurse/supervisor, test after the polisher, and replace carbon (or stop treatment if the polisher also fails).

Total chlorine limit: 0.1 mg/L, tested after the worker carbon tank before each shift; chloramines cause hemolysis and anemia, so breakthrough requires immediate action.

Answer: B

Staff caring for this patient may also care for HBV-susceptible patients on the same shift: Incorrect. Staff assigned to HBsAg-positive patients must not care for susceptible patients during the same shift.

Staff caring for this patient must not care for HBV-susceptible patients on that same shift: Correct. CMS requires dedicated machines, equipment and supplies in isolation, and staff caring for HBsAg-positive patients cannot simultaneously care for susceptible patients.

Any staff member may care for the patient if gloves are double-layered during the shift: Incorrect. Double gloving does not replace the required separation of staff assignments.

Only the medical director may provide direct care for this patient during the treatment: Incorrect. Trained dialysis staff provide care; the rule concerns not mixing assignments with susceptible patients.

HBV isolation: separate room/area, dedicated machine and supplies, no sharing with susceptible patients, and staff not assigned to susceptible patients on the same shift; know each patient's hepatitis B status.

Answer: C

Describe it only verbally to the next shift to avoid creating a record: Incorrect. Incidents must be documented; leaving them out of the record is a professional and legal failure.

Write that the patient was clumsy and should have been more careful: Incorrect. Documentation must be factual and objective, not judgmental.

Complete an incident report with objective facts, following policy: Correct. Incident reports record what happened, when, who was involved and actions taken in objective terms, and feed QAPI review.

Change the earlier vital signs to show the patient was stable: Incorrect. Altering records is falsification.

Incidents: document promptly, objectively and per policy; reports support QAPI and prevention, not blame.