One district middle school has had declining achievement and attendance for six years despite several rounds of small adjustments to its schedule and programs. Which improvement approach does this situation most call for?
Show answer & explanation
Answer: D
Incremental change that makes another round of small, low-risk adjustments: Repeated small tweaks have already failed over six years, so more of the same is unlikely to work.
Waiting for a new principal to arrive before attempting any change: Delaying action prolongs harm to students and does not by itself change the school's systems.
Maintaining current programs while collecting another year of data: Six years of data already show a persistent pattern; more data collection delays needed action.
Transformational change that redesigns the school's core systems: Correct. Chronic, persistent underperformance that has not responded to incremental steps calls for fundamental redesign of structures, staffing and practice.
Match the strategy to the situation: incremental for refinement, adaptive for evolving problems, transformational when systems have persistently failed.