NBDHE Practice Test 15
10 free NBDHE practice questions in the real exam format, covering the official content areas, with an explanation for every answer.
Question 1 of 10
Case Based ItemsPatient Case
| Field | Details |
|---|---|
| Patient | Male, 34 years |
| Chief Complaint | "My gums got very sore three days ago, they bleed on their own, and my breath is bad." |
| Background and/or Patient History | HIV infection diagnosed 2 years ago. Antiretroviral therapy: bictegravir, emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide in one tablet daily, but he missed doses for the past 2 months. Most recent CD4 count 180 cells/µL (1 month ago); viral load detectable. Last dental visit 3 years ago. |
| Allergies | Sulfonamides (rash) |
| Social History | Smokes 15 cigarettes per day. Reports poor sleep and high stress after a job change. Drinks 4–6 drinks on weekends. |
| Current Findings | Temperature 37.4 °C; BP 122/80 mm Hg; pulse 88 bpm. Submandibular lymph nodes slightly enlarged and tender. Gingiva too painful for flossing or firm brushing; fetid breath. Oral hygiene: heavy plaque. |
| Tooth | Facial PD (D-F-M) | Lingual PD (D-L-M) | CAL F (D-F-M) / L (D-L-M) | BOP | Mobility | Furcation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6 | 2-1-2 | 2-1-2 | 0-0-0 / 0-0-0 | D-F-M (spontaneous) | 0 | — |
| 8 | 2-1-3 | 2-1-2 | 0-0-0 / 0-0-0 | D-F-M (spontaneous) | 0 | — |
| 9 | 3-1-2 | 2-1-2 | 0-0-0 / 0-0-0 | D-F-M (spontaneous) | 0 | — |
| 14 | 3-2-3 | 3-2-3 | 0-0-0 / 0-0-0 | D-M | 0 | — |
| 19 | 3-2-3 | 3-2-3 | 0-0-0 / 0-0-0 | M-F | 0 | — |
| 23 | 2-1-2 | 2-1-2 | 0-0-0 / 0-0-0 | D-F-M (spontaneous) | 0 | — |
| 24 | 2-1-2 | 2-1-2 | 0-0-0 / 0-0-0 | D-F-M (spontaneous) | 0 | — |
| 25 | 2-1-2 | 2-1-2 | 0-0-0 / 0-0-0 | D-F-M (spontaneous) | 0 | — |
| Tooth | Condition |
|---|---|
| 1, 16, 17, 32 | Missing |
| 3, 14 | Occlusal composites |
Radiograph description (bitewings and anterior periapicals): Interdental bone crests 1–2 mm apical to the CEJ throughout, with an intact crestal lamina dura; no furcation radiolucencies; no periapical radiolucencies.
Clinical photograph description: Interdental papillae of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth show punched-out, crater-like loss of their tips, covered by a gray-yellow pseudomembrane, with a red band along the margins; spontaneous bleeding. The pseudomembrane and red band involve the papillae and marginal gingiva; the attached gingiva and alveolar mucosa are pink, and the palate, tongue and buccal mucosa show no sloughing, vesicles or ulcers. Lateral borders of the tongue: white, vertically corrugated plaques on both sides that do not wipe off.
Based on the chart, radiograph and photograph descriptions, the gingival condition is best classified as necrotizing